Comprehensive Education under re-evaluation Essay

Comprehensive Education under re-evaluation - Essay Example As a result, as is occurring across the western civilizations, the UK is experiencing significant decline when measuring the academic progress of its students. Specifics of the problem were discussed by Terry Hadyn in his essay on the death of comprehensive schools in England and Wales. He cites that although the comprehensive education system was established in 1965 with lofty ideals, the policy has failed to grow the desired fruit. Previous to the 1965 initiative, the country's secondary school system was divided. Students who were more suited for an academic career path were sent to Grammar schools, and those for whom an academic career did not seem suitable were sent to what was called a secondary modern school, or the equivalent of a trade school for apprenticeship, and transition into the lower class working social strata. (Haydn, 2004) However, since the passage of this educational policy, educators have come to realize much more about the educational needs of the children with which they have been entrusted. The modern educational system recognizes that children learn at different rates, just as they mature physically and emotionally at differing rates. Therefore putting children of different levels of educational abilities together, and expecting them to mutually benefit, as if by osmosis, is a policy that is coming to be understood as a bit short sighted. The children are not building social networks across the educational and social differences. Rather the opposite is occurring, and has been occurring increasingly over the past 15 years. The divide between the educational 'haves' and 'have - nots' is growing. The social order that is present outside the classroom is only becoming reinforced in the classroom. As a result, the more academically able children are being slowed down in their progress, and the less academically inclined are no more encouraged to make better progress. If anything, they are becoming resentful, along with their parents, at being bussed 25 miles or more in order to facilitate a quota system for the schools. At the same time comprehensive school policy was being put into place, influences blew across the educational ponds which included linking the educational institution to social trends. The school organization, as seemingly the single most influential element in the child's life, shifted its focus too. The social fabric of the family and close community was breaking down in the post war era. As a result schools picked up the responsibility to address cultural and social learning issues, in addition to their primary goal of creating educated and intelligent students. The result, as mentioned, was a steady decline in the educational quality as measured in academic progress of the student. The student was learning how to feel better, but not taught how to read better. In the UK, by mixing the more academically inclined with those who may prosper better in a trade school environment, educational policy makers expected to bridge socio-economic patterns. If the wealthier, more academically inclined students were allowed to co-exist in a school setting with lower income, more academically challenged students, the belief was that the barriers would be breached, and lower performing students would

Benefits of Free Enterprise Economy over Command and Control Term Paper

Benefits of Free Enterprise Economy over Command and Control - Term Paper Example consists of the relations between institutions and agencies, the flow of information between them and the existence of social relations within an economy (Howard & King, 2014). There are mainly three types of economic system that exists, namely, Market economy, the Mixed Economy and the Planned Economy (Woods Jr, 2015). Market economy is associated with limited interference of government. Planned economy on the other hand is completely opposite to market economy. In planned economy, all the important decisions connected with the production, distribution and prices are taken by the state. A mixed economy is an amalgamation of fundamentals of both market economy and planned economy. This implies that certain attributes from both the economies are taken to form a mixed economy. In this type of economy, the economic decision making is undertaken by both the private sector entities and the government. The system showing mixed economic features have flexibility in some sectors and government control in others. To balance broad range of economic and political views, mixed economy involves both socialist and capitalist economic guidelines (Kaynak, 2014). Other name of free enterprise economy is market economy or laissez faire economy or capitalist economy. Before discussing the features of the free enterprise, it is essential to have a clear idea regarding the definition of market. Lewis, (2013) defined market as a structure where buyers and sellers are engaged in the process of exchange of goods, information and services. It is a place where demand and supply of a commodity is created. When the supply of a good is equal to its demand, then this leads to equilibrium. At this point, equilibrium quantity and equilibrium prices are determined which implies that the allocation of goods has reached its optimal point. It has been examined by Kaynak, (2014) that concepts of supply and demand help in structuring the pricing system. When availability of goods is larger than its

The Balanced Scorecard and Its Application to Hospitality Businesess Essay Example for Free

The Balanced Scorecard and Its Application to Hospitality Businesess Essay This essay will try to explore the role of the Balanced Scorecard in today’s organisations, in particular in hospitality businesses. The research will start by exploring performance measurement and later will describe the basics of the Balanced Scorecard to finish with a practical example of the implications of not applying correctly a performance measurement system in a hospitality business. Performance measurement is described by Neely et al (1995) as the process of quantifying action, where measurement is the process of quantification and action leads to performance. Therefore performance measure is the metric used to quantify the efficiency and effectiveness of an action. These actions refers in other words to the changes that an organisation experiment by achieving performance goals through allocating and prioritising resources. This valuable information is later used by managers to conform or modify their strategies in order to meet these goals. Performance measurement is crucial in today’s organisations because: †¢It helps identifying and tracking progress against organisational goals †¢It helps comparing performance against both internal and external standards. Ensures customer requirements have been met †¢Helps setting sensible objectives and work towards them †¢Provides a physical scoreboard for employees to monitor their performance †¢Highlights quality problems and suggest areas for action (Kald and Nilsson 2000) Within this context, the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) can be described as a strategic performance management framework that integrates a coherent set of performance measures with the organisation’s strategic plan. This allows organisations to define their strategic priorities and design indicators to monitor how well they are executing their strategy. Kaplan Norton, 1992). The main innovation from this approach is that it provides a multifaceted view of the organisation’s performance and balances the traditionally observed financial measures with other operational non-financial measures. The architects of the Balanced Scorecard, professor Robert Kaplan and David Norton believed that traditional performance measures based on financial information alone provide a very partial and short-term view of the performance of an organisation as they measure past performance and offer very little to support organisations on their quality journey. Kaplan Norton 1996). In this aspect, other analysts have added that financial measurements alone are insufficient to provide relevant information about a company’s root problems (Malone Sinnett, 2005), it overlooks the intangible enablers of the business (Norreklit, 2000) and disregards value creation (Bicheno, 2008). All this comes to demonstrate that financial measures are simply a consequence of operational activities and only by getting the fundamentals right, the organisation will be able to provide successful financial results. Taking all this into account, Kaplan and Norton identified the most intuitive components of a company’s strategy and created a more robust and balanced set of measurements that go beyond the financials. It all starts with a vision or a strategic goal and from there managers articulate a set of objectives, measures and targets in four key perspectives. The first is the financial perspective or how do the company look to shareholders. Metrics like the return on investment and residual income provide still valuable information but as already mentioned, not enough to create future value. In order to deliver any financial objectives, we need first to deliver to customers, which is the second perspective. In this perspective are articulated performance measures related to customer satisfaction and the key performance indicators should answer to the question, how customers see us?. In a similar way, in order to do well what the company does for the customers, it is necessary to identify what are the vital things the organisation needs to excel at in order to implement the strategy. This is the third perspective and Kaplan and Norton call it internal processes. This approach measures aspects related to the core of the what the organisation does in order to generate profit. Finally the fourth perspective looks at the intangible enablers of the business or the learning and growth perspective. Aspects like retaining the right human capital and keeping them engaged, investing in a good IT infrastructure, or having the right organisation culture, will help the business to do the right things internally, which helps to deliver to the customer which ultimately helps to deliver the financial objectives. A very important step is choosing the aspects the company will measure in order to achieve the strategic vision. These measures are known as key performance indicators (KPI’s). Choosing the appropriate KPI’s is a crucial as they will monitor the progress towards specific goals. According to Kaplan Norton (1996), KPI’s should be meaningful, unambiguous and easy to understand by all the members of the organisation. They should collect relevant data embedded in the normal organisation’s procedures, they also need to be able to drive improvement and should be intrinsically linked to the critical goals and key drivers of the organisation. In order to implement the Balanced Scorecard approach, Kaplan Norton (1996) identified three levels of information. The first level sits at the very top of the organisation and is where the corporate objectives are defined, the second one translates the corporate targets into more specific targets for each business unit and the third is the team and individual level where specific objectives are articulated which means that everyone in the organisation is aligned with the top level objectives. Since its creation in the 1990’s, the BSC has evolved from a simple dashboard of performance measures into a comprehensive management system that aims to channel the abilities and specific knowledge of each member of the organisation towards achieving long term strategic goals. Due to its simplicity, it is reported that it was the most widely adopted performance measurement framework in 2010. Over 50% of Fortune 1000 firms now use the BSC methodology and an estimate 85% have adopted some kind of performance measurement. Also, the BSC was selected by a panel from the Harvard Business Review as one of the most influential management ideas of the past 75 years. (Harvard Business Review, 2013) However, the implementation of the BSC is not free of challenges and many authors find numerous flaws. Thomas (2004) for instance argue that the BSC simply provides a list of metric results and lacks recommendations and advice. Besides there is little evidence that shows that the use of the BSC improves decision making as many companies seem to fail to act on its findings. Smith (2013) also highlights other important concerns when implementing the BSC: -There is a risk for unclear and poorly designed metrics. -There is a lack of efficient data collection and reporting, particularly non-financial metrics. -It has no process improvement methodology. -It is very inwardly focused. If environmental factors such as threats and Opportunities are not considered, the BSC may not present a correct picture of the organisation in the market. Critical assessment of the application of the BSC in a hospitality business Although the BSC has been deployed widely amongst businesses, government organisations and even non-profit organisations, research show that it has been minimally applied within hospitality businesses (Gunasekaran et al. 2001). In my own personal experience working for Premium Country Dining Group, part of Mitchells Butlers, the leading operator of restaurants and pubs in the UK, I have struggled to perceive evidence of the implementation of the BSC or any other framework for performance measurement in the business. After 15 months working for the organisation I still don’t know what the company’s strategic objectives are in the short term and what specific contributions towards those goals are expected from me as an employee. Is difficult to identify who is to blame for this, but the reality is that the strategic vision hasn’t permeated down the organisation. On the contrary, every day I see evidence that comes to show that the main source of comparative information used to measure performance and efficiency are still the traditional financial and accounting reports, which has been proven to provide a poor and inadequate view of the business in terms of helping decision making and provide strategic directions. Financial ratios such as net operating profit, labour costs or average covers per day are commonly used in the business to evaluate performance and are the main factors considered when forecasting in terms of ordering of food and drink, preparation levels of food and staffing. These ratios along with good doses of intuition and past experience seem to be the main drivers to lead the company which in words of Kaplan and Norton (1996) is like trying to drive a car just by looking at the mirrors. Although the restaurant has the customer at its core. Although both front and back of the house do their best in order to provide a quality product, quick service and the best customer experience possible and although the company’s motto: â€Å"Simply amazing pubs† may give a hint about the strategic direction of the company, all these are failing to materialize because of the lack of a solid strategic performance management framework and a good set of key performance indicators that could highlight where are we failing, why customers complain and why our business is buried down on the Tripadvisor rankings and there is no plans for action. It is obvious that the company is disregarding the internal processes, as can be seen in the high staff turnover, lack of encouragement for employees to grow, and tight cost-control in maintenance which leads to difficulties in doing our job effectively. This consequently leads to long waiting times for customers and a poor service due to short staffing (customer perspective), and ultimately this poor service and unsatisfied customers affects the much regarded financial results. Definitely a more organised approach to process design and the inclusion of non-financial performance dimensions would result in an increase of overall business effectiveness. Conclusion This research has found that the Balanced Scorecard or any other framework for measuring performance such as the performance pyramid, the performance matrix or the EFQM business excellence model, are effective tools in bringing together previously disparate measures into more coherent models. In the case of the BSC, it has proven to be particularly successful in adding a much needed non-financial perspective to measuring performance and as Fitzgerald et al (1991) points, encouraging organisations to continually improve, innovate and expand their capabilities in order to gain competitive advantage, understand customer’s needs and adapt to the changing environment.

The swine flu

The swine flu Currently, there has been an international concern and fear about the disease The Swine or Swine Flu. The main question that all the experts were worried about was whether the swine flu is an epidemic or a pandemic. An epidemic is defined as an outbreak of a contagious disease that can be widely spread and affects lots of people at the same time. A pandemic is a disease that spreads not only in a local region but, worldwide. On April 2009 the swine flu did not meet the definition of a pandemic, however, the WHO (World Health Organization) declared that the swine flu is a pandemic by the mid of June 2009. This is where the nightmare started. The swine flu was given that nickname due to the transfer of the virus from pigs to human. The Swine is considered as a type of an influenza disease. Influenza is a disease that people usually catch at least once in their lifetime. The influenza or the flu was a deadly disease in the past, but now there are the proper vaccinations and medications to fight it. Swine Flu is an extremely contagious disease and it easily spreads from one person to another whether it was through exhaled air, sneezes, coughs, or even shaking hands with an infected person or a person who has touched an infected object. When doctors or experts talk about influenza they argue that its not a serious disease, but on the other hand it affects the bodys immunity and makes it vulnerable to bacterial and viral attack. Its believed that the H1N1 is transferred the same way the regular influenza is. Newspapers, magazines, and TV newscasters are constantly babbling about the swine flu, and it has taken the lead on every front page. The question here is: is swine flu worth all the attention its getting on the media, on the street posts and on the TV channels? Or is it just as so called a propaganda and another way for a money grab? The answer can be explained in many ways. To start off, the swine flu is caused by an influenza of the classification A. Influenza A has the subtypes that include viruses HIN1, H1N2, H2N3, H3N1, and H3N2. The viral strain H1N1 is the virus that spread in the flu pandemic of 2009. In the United States it is declared that in ever one thousand people, forty need direct access to the hospital and one person dies. The World Health of Organization stated at July-17-2009 that there have been 89,921 cases and 382 deaths worldwide. Deaths and cases of the swine flu are mainly spotted in the US. Through these statistics it is proved that the swine flu is a dangerous case mainly in the United States and not in other countries. The incubation period (the time between the illness and appearance of symptoms) for the swine flu as claimed by the HPA (Health Protection Agency) lies between two and five days. A person suffering from The Swine will experience at least three of the following symptoms: coughing and sneezing, headache, runny nose, sore throat, shortness of breath, loss of appetite, aching muscles, and diarrhea or vomiting. When a person is suffering from those symptoms he/she is in a highly contagious state; he/she can easily pass on the virus to others. Usually, it takes around a week for the person to pull through, and once the symptoms are gone the person is no longer infectious to others around him. The swine flu is a highly contagious disease as declared by the Health Protection Agency (HPA). It can pass easily from one person to another. Scientifically speaking, The Swine is just like the other flu diseases; it is an airborne disease; the virus spreads from an infected persons nose or mouth when he coughs or sneezes, through the air droplets. Those who are having swine flu sometimes cough without covering their mouth, or washing their hands afterwards. Thus, the virus easily spreads on the objects surfaces that the infected person touches which include: door handles, keyboards, mobiles, remote controllers, etc It is believed that a virus survives on a hard surface for about 24 hours and on a soft surface for 20 minutes only. If an uninfected person touches these surfaces within these timings, he/she will catch the virus simply by touching their face. There are some certain cases that put people under a higher risk of catching the swine flu. Firstly, the swine flu seems to be of a great danger to pregnant women. Pregnant women should avoid catching the swine flu and this is by keeping away from congested areas like airports and cinemas. If they are living with someone who has the swine flu, they should be given Relenza (to a type of medication to be discussed shortly). Relenza should be taken through and inhaler rather than a tablet to accumulate in the pregnant womens lungs and throats and not in the blood, this way, their baby wont be affected. Secondly, people with certain health conditions and chronic diseases like hypertension and diabetes are put in jeopardy with the swine flu dangers as the H1N1 virus targets a vulnerable immune system. Those suffering from a chronic health condition are obliged to be immunized with both, the seasonal flu vaccine and the H1N1 swine flu vaccine. They should keep a record of the medications that they are receiving for their chronic disease, and once they are in doubt of having the swine flu, they should keep on using these medications unless their personal health care supervisor says otherwise. Experts and researchers tried to come up with a lot of solutions and treatments to the nightmare, the swine flu. There are two vaccines made for The Swine. The first vaccination is called Pandemrix and the second is called Celvapan. Both of these inoculations have been licensed and legally distributed. The Celvapan vaccine is taken in two doses, three weeks apart. At the time being, vaccinations are available only in the US and Europe since developing countries cannot afford to produce their own vaccines. An important thing to take into account is to whom The Swine can be deadly and very dangerous to. The Public Health Agency of Canada claimed that mainly, people who are aged fewer than 65 years are supposed to take the vaccination since the swine virus is more likely to affect nonelderly people because those who are older than 65 years seem to have natural immunity for swine flu. Moreover, pregnant women should be immunized straight away as The Swine seems to target pregnant women, it is claimed the higher risks of the swine flu occur at the late stages of pregnancy (the last three months of pregnancy), and they are advised to take the Pandemrix vaccine as it produces a sufficient amount of protection in your body after a single dose. In addition, children (aged between six months and five years) are the best objective for swine flu, but, babies under the age of six cant take the vaccine as it will show no response for adequate protection. A person who lives with someone who has a weak immune system as a result of being infected with a disease such as cancer or aids is strongly advised take the vaccination as he/she is more prone to The Swine attack. However, there are some people, but quite a few who are prohibited to take the swine flu vaccine. Firstly, the vaccine should not be given whatsoever to someone who had a brutal allergic reaction to the first dose of the vaccination. Secondly, the Pandemrix vaccine is prepared in hens eggs so those who have egg allergies or had breathing problems when taking egg products should not take the vaccine. Nevertheless, the Celvapan virus is not prepared in hens eggs therefore people who have egg allergies are obliged to take this vaccination. Conversely, there are some symptoms to the swine flue vaccinations. It is declared that there are no deaths or serious events that occurred from the vaccination. Side effects that might result after a swine flu immunization include: Tenderness, pain, redness, hardening of the skin, swelling and bruising. In addition, a vaccinated person might suffer from whole-body side effects that involve: Severe headaches, muscle pain, chills, queasiness, fever, and vomiting. However, experts came up with Adjuvant which is a substance added to a vaccine to improve its performance and make it more efficient in supporting the body in strong immune response. In addition, Tamiflu and Relenza are two major antiviral medications to suppress the effects of the swine flu, but not cure it completely. When a virus enters your body, it controls and manipulates healthy cells and orders them to make copies of themselves. Relenza acts on stopping the action of making copies of the virus from infected cells in the lungs. As a result, the process of spreading the virus in the body is slowed down and thus lessening the symptoms. The earlier you start taking Relenza (within 48 hours since the symptoms are felt in adults) the better it functions in protecting your body against The Swine. Tamiflu works the same way Relenza does in the body, although, Relenza concentrates on lessening the flu symptoms by one and a half days on average, while Tamiflu reduces the fly symptoms by up to two days on average. The Chamomile drink as believed by the Chinese has a similar composition to the Tamiflu antiviral medication but on the other hand has an even better effe ct and at a lower price. People with white masks are spotted everywhere lately, certainly in airports and other congested areas. Health officials say that facemasks can mislead people into thinking that theyre effective in protection against the swine flu. In reality, facemasks are only effective when they are worn in a correct manner and when they are changed on regular basis because facemasks can get damped from breathing, and thus more likely to catch viruses. People are depending a lot on facemasks that theyre getting less concerned with washing their hands more often. Moreover, the vaccination, antiviral medications are not the only ways to treat the swine flu or suppress its effects, there are several basic day-to-day things that people are advised to take for the sake of avoiding the swine flu as much as possible, these things involve: Washing your hands constantly, because you might have touched a contaminated surface, therefore keeping the hands clean will help you avoid the swine flu (remember to keep a hand sanitizer with you wherever you may go). Cough and sneeze in a manner to cover your mouth, this way you will not spread the virus to other uninfected people. Dispose used and dirty tissues. Clean the hard surfaces such as door handles more often and by using a suitable, and effective cleaning product. Avoid crowds and public transportations; this is the foremost important tasks to do if you want to avoid swine flu as it lessens the chance of being so close to someone and getting the swine flu as a result of that. If you cant avoid a certa in crowd try to follow the 6-foot-rule ; try to stand 6 feet away from a person who is coughing or sneezing. Visit your doctor straight away if you are experiencing any swine flu symptoms and they will give you the proper medications, antivirals and vaccinations specifically for your case. We should not waste our time in sitting back and listening to the news and media talking about how swine flu is very dangerous, risky and hopeless. Instead, we should put in more of this effort in developing natural immunity against the swine flu. We should have a healthier diet which majorly contains vitamins. Vitamins A and D like cod liver oil tends to give a great protection against such an infection. Moreover, vitamin c obtained from citrus drinks is a must for maintaining natural immunity If you catch the swine flu, do not panic! Contain the illness; take a good care of yourself, pamper yourself more often, drink plenty of water and other fluids, take a plenty of rest. Try coughing into the elbow of your hand to avoid passing your virus to others through hand shaking. Get rid off your dirty tissues yourself; dont let someone else do it for you! The media always claims that we live in an unsafe world and anything (like the swine flu) that throws us out of control invites pathogens (viruses and bacteria) to take over our body cells. But how shall we react depends on our logic and common sense not on the medias talk. The medias only main concern is to make a scary situation even worse than it really is. There are so many incidents that took place and proved the media wrong about how bad the swine flu is. Firstly, out of 2,000,000 people in the pilgrimage this year only 350 died and off course not all died out of The Swine Secondly, death cases are very rare and statistics show that worldwide every 1 in 4000 people die of swine flu. As a conclusion, I think that the swine flu is not as bad as the media says it is. Most companies are exaggerating about the fact that the swine flu is very dangerous just for the sake of money grab. People are not supposed to be tricked into believing that its dangerous because, by common sense, the symptoms are very clear and significant and once they are experiencing some of the symptoms all they are left to do is visit a health care professional, take the proper medications, antivirals, and try their best to minimize their contact with others. On the other hand, people should be aware of the fact that the swine flu is just like the regular seasonal influenza, and it can be simply avoided by maintaing good hygiene like washing their hands more often, and carrying a hand sanitizer or an alcohol based hand wash everywhere they go. People are wasting a lot of effort in thinking of the dangerous consequences of the swine flu; they should instead spend more time on trying to work on de veloping natural immunity against it. It is believed that those who catch the swine flu feel very dreadful when experiencing its symptoms, but most of them end up recovering with no problems and sometimes even without the aid of medical treatments. Bibliography: Jamieson D et al. (2009). H1N1 2009 Influenza virus infection during pregnancy in the USA. Lancet 2009; 374: 451-458. Neusdat, R. And Fineberg, H. (December 1977). The Swine Flu Affair. The United States: McGraw companies. McNeil Jr., Donald G. (2009-04-26). Flu Outbreak Raises a Set of Questions. The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2009/04/27/health/27questions.html. Parkash, S. (01 Jan 2010). Swine flu diagnosis and treatment. United Kingdom: Daya publishing house.

Is Anything Certain? Essay -- Philosophy, Unger, Hitherto

Peter Unger maintains that all knowledge requires certainty. Moreover, since he insists that nothing can be known for certain, Unger concludes that â€Å"nobody ever knows anything to be so† (Unger, 42). This is Unger’s argument: 1. â€Å"If someone knows something to be so, then it is all right for the person to be absolutely certain that it is so† (42). 2. â€Å"It is never all right for anyone to be absolutely certain that anything is so† (43). 3. Therefore, â€Å"[n]obody ever knows that anything is so† (43). Succinctly, nobody can know anything. As â€Å"anything† makes explicit, Unger suggests that we cannot have knowledge of our own existence, external objects, past or present experiences or even that 1+1=2. He also insists that knowing anything with certainty is inherently dogmatic. Being certain involves a negative attitude; it implies that nothing (new information, evidence or experience) â€Å"will be seriously considered to be at all relevant to any possible change in one’s thinking in the matter† (44). Unger defines this as the attitude of certainty. This is why it is wrong â€Å"for anyone to be absolutely certain†. I agree with Unger and concede that (2) is correct. However, Unger’s rejection to the attitude of certainty leads to the rejection of all knowledge. This is where Unger is an error. I intend to argue that premise (1) is dubious and that knowledge requires justified true belief but never certainty itself. Before continuing, I must clarify Unger’s notion of certainty. Hitherto, I have used Unger’s notion of certainty (denoted in italics) without explanation. Certain is an absolute adjective analogous to the concept of flat. An absolute adjective is or is not. A board, for example, is flat iff it lacks any changes in gradi... ...nger’s first premise). 2. Knowledge is justified belief with confidence. 3. Being confident, but not certain, allows for changes in opinion/belief in the face of new information and experiences (avoiding Unger’s attitude of certainty). 4. Knowledge with confidence, but being susceptible to new information is not dogmatic. 5. People can know things with confidence without being dogmatic. 6. Therefore, people can justifiably and confidently know that some things are so. The above argument allows for things to be known but in a non-dogmatic manner. Although, knowledge with confidence (but not certainty) can be considered a weak sense of knowledge, it avoids the skeptical conclusion while also avoiding Unger’s attitude of certainty. With the ability to amend and modify justified beliefs (knowledge), certainty is inherently absent from this notion of knowledge.

Japan and Its Customs Essay -- Japan Japanese Customs Essays

Japan and Its Customs General Information on Japan Japan has a population of approximately 125 million people packed tightly into a rather small geographic area. The official language in Japan is Japanese. Japanese is spoken only in Japan. The literacy rate in Japan is very close to 100 percent and 95 percent of the Japanese population has a high school education. Japan’s form of government is parliamentarian democracy under the rule of a constitutional monarch. The dominant religion is Shinto, which is exclusive to Japan. However, the Japanese have no official religion. Appearance 1) Make appointments before you arrive in the country Japanese don’t like newcomers. Make appointments before you arrive in the country. The best way is to be introduced personally by a Japanese agent, or better, by a Japanese business partner. Before you make an appointment send detailed information about your company. Your Japanese partners expect you to ask for the same. 2) Be on time As a general rule, the Japanese are always on time. There are no such things as being "fashionably late" or making a "grand entrance". If an event is to begin at 09:00, then it is best to arrive a few minutes early to get yourself organized and be prepared to begin right at 09:00 (not 09:05). 3) Dress conservatively In general, the Japanese are much more conscious of their appearance in public than we are in the West. Some Japanese would rather spend money on clothing than on food. In the large cities your clothing is a sign of your background, social status, or wealth. In general, women do not wear sleeveless tops, shorts, or revealing styles. To conform to the typical businessman's style, men wear dark two piece suits with plain white shirts and conservative ties. The Japanese do not wear excessive amounts of jewellery that are obvious signs of wealth. Although a piece of jewellery might be expensive, it is worn with a sense of quality, not quantity. Behavior 1) Greet with a long and low bow Bowing represents humility. You elevate, honor, and respect the other person by humbling yourself or lowering yourself. The lower you bow, the more you are honoring or respecting the other party. As a Westerner, you are not expected to initiate a bow, but a bow should always be returned (except from personnel at department stores and restaurants who bow to welcome... ... or letter openers; -  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  items totaling an even number, such as four flower stems (the number four symbolizes death); items totaling nine (the number symbolizes suffering) -  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  flowers are generally used at times of illness, death, or courting only -  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  white and yellow chrysanthemums are for funerals Conclusion The Geert Hofstede analysis for Japan is dramatically different from other Asian Countries such as Hong Kong, Korea or China. In Japan Masculinity is the highest characteristic. The lowest ranking factor is Individualism, which coincides with their high ranking in Uncertainty Avoidance. Japan is a more collectivist culture that avoids risks and shows little value for personal freedom. Power Distance  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Individualism  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Uncertainty Avoidance  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Masculinity  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Long term orientation Japan  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  54  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  46  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  92  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  95  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  80 Romania  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  90  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  32  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  90  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  42  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   PDI – Power Distance IDV – Individualism MAS – Masculinity UAI – Uncertainly Avoidance LTO – Long term Orientation   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   â€Å"Anyone going to Japan will find it illuminating. Anyone going to do business in Japan will find it a must.†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ronald Dore

Web Calculator Exercise 2

Question 1 a. Mean age = 960/20=48 b. Standard Deviation = 10. 74832 Web address: http://easycalculation. com/statistics/standard-deviation. php Frequency distribution table for denomination. Score f(frequency) 1 1 2 2 4 2 5 1 6 3 7 3 8 1 9 3 10 3 12 1 N=30 c. What is the percentage of people who identify themselves as Baptist? 3/20 = . 15 x 100 = 15% What is the mode of church attendance? 5 Question 2 a. What is the Z score for a car with a price of $33,000? Z=2. 85714286 b. What is the Z score for a car with a price of $30,000? Z=2 Web address for calculator: http://www. danielsoper. com/statcalc3/calc. spx? id=22 c. At what percentile rank is a car that sold for $30,000? 97. 72% Web calculator used: http://easycalculation. com/statistics/zscore-to-percentile. php 3. One student’s Math score was 70 and the same individual’s English score was 84. On which exam did the student do better? Math: +3 points divided by 9. 58 SD = . 3132 English: + 6 points divided by 12. 45 SD = . 482 The student did better on the English test. 4. Suppose you administered an anxiety test to a large sample of people and obtained normally distributed scores with a mean of 45 and standard deviation of 4. Do not use web-calculator to answer the following questions.Instead, you need to use the Z distribution table in Appendix A in Jackson’s book. a. If Andrew scored 45 on this test. What is the Z score? Z=45-45 z=0 4 b. If Anna scored 30 oh this test. What is her Z score? Z=30-45 Z=-3. 75 4 c. If Bill’s Z score was 1. 5, what is his real score on this test? 1. 5 = x-45 X=51 4 d. There are 200 students in a sample. How many of these students will have scores that fall under the score of 41? Z=41-45 Z= -1 According to Appendix A . 159 x 200 Answer = 31. 8 fall under 41 4 5. Obtain the Persaon’s r and coefficient of determination for the following relationships. . Between the IQ and psychology scores. r=. 59231 Determination= . 35084 WEB: http://easycalcul ation. com/statistics/r-squared. php b. Between the IQ and statistics score. r= . 73667 Determination= . 54268 WEB: http://easycalculation. com/statistics/r-squared. php c. Between the psychology scores and statistics scores. r= . 71050 Determination = . 50480 WEB: http://easycalculation. com/statistics/r-squared. php 6. Using a web-calculator, obtain the appropriate correlation coefficients. r= . 85190 http://easycalculation. com/statistics/r-squared. php

Blind Side

Letter: Dear Sean Tuohy, Over the last couple of months you and your outstanding family have provided everything I have every wanted a ‘family’. My life growing up consisted of running, drugs, unreliable parents a couch and others aspects. I have faced many obstacles and challenges in my life. I have been through some things no child my age should have to experience. I have learnt to face my everyday challenges by facing the fact that I can get through it, plus the support of others was very helpful, and knowing someone on earth would be having a worse day.When I was a young child I had many scaring and frightening moments. I have seen a lot of habits my mum got into, taking drugs and being a big disappointment to my family. Then I soon later found out I had 12 brothers and sisters. My mother would tell me to shut my eyes when I was scared or anything she didn’t want me to see, after that she would then tell me to count to 3 and then I could open my eyes. I suffer ed a lot as a child and faced a lot of hardships, I struggle to learn but yet I can apparently write?You and your family have given me hope and believed in me. I have been through a lot and watching my mum throw her life away doesn’t mean I was going to follow in her footsteps. After I crashed your car with SJ I thought you weren’t going to trust me again, but yet you gave me so much more. You took me under you wings, you gave me an education, and you let me go to college. I’m so grateful that someone has given me the opportunity to prove myself to them and let me show them who I am and my potentials.I am glad that I could I write to you to express how I feel. I struggled a lot and I use to be a quiet and shy boy, but now I am a confident and free spirited person and you and your wife have given me reason to believe again. Thankyou From Michael Oher Discuss what your character learnt: In the movie, Michael Oher’s character capabilities change majorly. Thr oughout the film, he grows from a shy, unschooled boy into a young man who fits into a family. The film begins with Oher as a homeless boy struggling to find a place to sleep.He then learns to become a more confident and sophisticated man. Michael Oher has grown and learnt a lot of skills and matured into a young intelligent man. He learnt that because his childhood was so traumatic doesn’t mean he is traumatised for his whole life; everything can change when you start believing. Michael struggled a lot being a foster child, being black, moving and living not with his family, and yet they are complete strangers to him that he would often run away and try and find his mother again.When he meet the Tuohy’s He grew a lot stronger in that because he was living with a Christian, wealthy family who took him in without any weight on their shoulders just out of kind heartedness. He also learnt that he didn’t have to be the smartest to achieve what he wanted he had to wo rk rad and be persistent, to stay focused. He grew so much into a star having every quality that a magnificent football player need but only some granted with this special ability. Michael learnt that being whoever you are or being whatever you wanted was you!! He had a very distraught childhood and often struggling to once believe again.He was always a determined to get what he wanted especially as a child. Michael has grown up so much, from not trying and struggling to read to now getting 2. 52 in his final result meaning he could do what he wanted for footy. He had the skills to get in but did not have the determination of getting and staying focused. Michaels tutor was a massive bonus to him and was a great peer leader. She encouraged him and helped him improve his marks a lot. Along with the hardships Michael has faced he learnt that there is always a light at the end of the tunnel.He has grown and learnt so much and he is so lucky and happy to be able to have the opportunities he has been offered let alone half. Review: The blind side has proven to be a wonderful structured film, as it has been based on a true story it gives it a bit more of a overlooking and understanding of the abilities and inabilities this boy has been through. A family of all white has taken this black boy in, he would’ve felt un-invited, not fitting in and questioning why they are being nice especially when there from the complete other side of town.Michael struggles to take in that a family of complete strangers is offering there house and couch to him. The Blind Side is a film about compassion, prejudice, family, chance, and the virtues of hard work. It tells the inspirational true story of Michael Oher, of a disadvantaged African-American child, and his relationship with Leigh Anne Tuohy, a wealthy white woman from the other side of town the rich and wealthy side and he is from the dirty, disgraceful, depressing side. They help him out with a lot of situations. They provi de a wonderful education, house, family.After his mother being a fall out he tried to get his life back on track by believing he could be different and show that he could do anything if you put your mind to work. Michael Oher shows a massive and exciting interest in football and Leigh Anne Tuohy does not hold back on the enthusiasm for him. He has been born with skills that a person could dream about, even though Michael Is a big boy these skills come in handy when he gets a number of offers to be in a professional team. They then provide Michael with a tutor to improve his grades to get him into NCCA div 1.Athletic scholarship. This young man growing up in Memphis would only dream of being able to professional football or any real contact with a ball, he was born too and all of a sudden his dream came true and was right in front of his eyes because of the Tuohy’s. I believe the film deserves a rating of 5/5, when you look at the poster or the movie cover or the book cover yo u don’t know what to expect, but then you get a great message from the film inspiring everyone to show that â€Å"if you believe you can achieve†.The message is trying to explain that you can be in any situation and find a way out of it, if you try and work your way out of it. It was a fantastic book based on a real life story. It’s very inspiring and proven to everyone that you can be from somewhere that struggles into someone who is wealthy. Bibliography: The blind side 2009, DVD, warner bros, Hollywood http://www. imdb. com/title/tt0878804/plotsummary, http://www. pacejmiller. com/2010/02/24/movie-review-the-blind-side-2009/

Maya Angelou Biographical Approach Essay

Maya Angelou has remarked, â€Å"I’m always inspired by men and women who rise†¦That ability to rise is nobleness of the human spirit.† Write an essay in which you analyze Angelou’s beliefs about the human spirit, as reflected in the four works you just read. Before you begin, consider what Angelou has to say about her work: â€Å"I speak to the black experience, but I am always talking about the human condition—about what we can endure, dream, fail at, and still survive.† Writing Your Essay As you plan, draft, and revise your essay, keep the following tips in mind: †¢In the introduction, or the beginning of your essay, include a specific thesis statement that presents the key point you will prove in your essay. †¢Support your ideas with evidence from the four selections. Be sure to analyze how Angelou’s tone and use of stylistic devices contribute to the expression of her themes or main ideas. †¢Make sure that every paragraph has unity and coherence. All the sentences in the paragraph should relate to one main idea and help develop that idea. †¢End your essay with a conclusion in which you summarize your main points. Include a new, but related, closing insight or reflection. Create a one-page document that shows you have understood the book with the 2 parts below: †¢Part 1: First, think of the symbols in the book. Then, find pictures using â€Å"Google images† or â€Å"Clip Art† and paste them into the document. Then give a 1-2 sentence reason for the symbol. †¢Part 2: Write a book review. Make sure you convince me you have read it thoroughly! It should be no more than 1-2 paragraphs.

Preliminary PDHPE Assignment Essay

1) Recount the story of the individual in relation to how the adversity they faced as affected their health status. The individual who I decided to research is now well known for her job hosting the Biggest Loser, Hayley Lewis. At 15 years old Hayley Lewis had won 5 Gold medals at the 1990 Commonwealth Games. She weighed 58kg and never thought anything about her weight at the time as she was fit, healthy and muscular. A magazine came out saying that she was â€Å"a fit 15 year old but a bit heavy legged. † From then on she started to get bigger and bigger. A year later her weight had crept up to 65kg and by the 1992 Barcelona Olympics she weighed 73kg. Hayley was told by her coach to lose weight and the more and more she was told, the more she turned to food for comfort. By being told she was â€Å"heavy legged† from the media and being told to lose weight the more this impacted on her physically, mentally, socially and spiritually. By being overweight this cut short Hayley’s swimming career as she was embarrassed, suffered anxiety and hated being publicly scrutinised. Hayley Lewis also hated getting out of bed because she knew she had to put on her â€Å"togs†. She said that she was racing with girls 20kg lighter and you can’t hide anything when you’re in swimmers. She also said that she used to focus on her weight every time she jumped up on to the starting block instead of focusing on her race. By being judged because of her physical appearance made her quit her swimming career because she felt that she didn’t fit in anywhere. This affected both her mental and spiritual health. Because Hayley Lewis had a negative physical health status this impacted on her emotional health as all the dimensions of health are interdependent on one another and when one area of health is going downhill this can impact on all the other aspects of an individuals’ health status. Hayley Lewis had a low self-esteem and didn’t believe in herself. This was because she was bullied about her physical appearance and the media made her feel shameful about her weight. She didn’t enjoy the success of being a swimmer either because of the shame and guilt she felt about herself and her personal body image. Another factor that could have made an impact on Hayley’s health status is the death of her younger sister as this could have made her turn to food for comfort. Hayley Lewis had to face a 20 year weight battle from when she was 15 until she was 35 when she had her second child. During her pregnancy Hayley gained another 25kg. When she got a phone call from Jenny Craig to become an ambassador she finally realised how overweight she was and decided to do something about it. She lost 4kg in the first week and was finally getting back on track and gaining these precious years of her life back. Hayley Lewis is now the current host of the Biggest Loser and says she can relate to the contestants so well as she knows exactly what they have been through and what they are going through. She hopes to inspire them and become as good a role model as she can so they get to love themselves the way she does about herself now. Hayley Lewis has faced major adversity in her life and it has affected her health status physically, mentally, socially and spiritually. She has finally pulled through and is at a great point in her life, has overcome her weight battles and has made herself proud for where her body has gotten her today. a) Evaluate how the dimensions of health have interacted to construct the health status of the individual. Hayley Lewis’ physical, mental, social and spiritual health have interacted to construct Hayley’s current health status as all these dimensions are interdependent upon one another. If one aspect of health is positive then this will most likely have an impact on all the other aspects of an individual’s health. Hayley’s physical health when she was younger was fairly poor. When Jenny Craig came into the picture this made Hayley become aware and realise just how poor her physical health was. Because of this sudden realisation, this has constructed Hayley Lewis’ current health status in many ways because she finally did something about her poor health. She started to lose weight and the motivation of the Jenny Craig program helped her pull through. She was given meal and exercise plans but as a retired swimmer she was used to having the pre-organised eating and training schedule. She had overcome her previous body image demons and she realised that she had a new focus in life because of becoming a parent. She had to step up and become the best role model she could be for her children. She threw out all the old photos she had of herself as an overweight teenager and returned to the pool in 2000 with a renewed confidence. She still has â€Å"good days and bad days, like everyone† but has learnt to love, admire, appreciate and nurture her body with respect as you only get one. Her previous physical health has now constructed Hayley’s current health status as she is now a size 8-10, lost 20kg and has maintained her weight by eating nutritiously, planning her meals and exercising often. Hayley now has a positive physical health status and hopes to inspire others, such as the biggest loser contestants, with her own personal inspiring story. Hayley Lewis’ emotional health has had a major impact on the construction of her current health status. Mentally, Hayley never used to believe in herself and had a very low self-esteem and body image. Now that she has become aware of her poor health status and has lost 20kg she now has a positive headspace and a positive outlook on life. She has a renewed confidence but still has â€Å"bad days† like everyone. By relating to the current biggest loser contestants this has made her feel proud to where her body and mind has gotten her today and wants to help them out so they can feel how she feels about herself now. Hayley’s new and improved positive emotional health has had a major impact on all the other aspects of her health and has created an overall positive health and wellbeing for herself as the dimensions of health are all interdependent upon one another. When Hayley Lewis was younger her social health suffered because she was overweight physically and didn’t look positive on life because of her poor emotional health. She was bullied, compared to others and was always being judged, if not by the media, by her coach and family & friends. She now has a very positive social health as she is now married to a very understanding and cooperative husband and has 2 children. Her confidence is now booming compared to when she was fighting her 20 year weight battle. Her confidence has allowed her to improve her relationships with family and friends and now she can also relate to the biggest loser contestants because they have become her friends. She is very inspirational towards these contestants and has also become very close to them and helping them renew their lives and start fresh. Spiritually, Hayley now feels a sense of belonging and worth compared to the adversity she faced because she has fought and finally won her weight battles. She is now fit and healthy, can relate to and feels apart of the biggest loser family and also has a special family of her own. She now has a very positive headspace and this has impacted on and changed her life in many ways. Hayley’s life changing experience of winning her 20 year weight battled has occurred because she finally became aware of how poor her health was. The 4 dimensions of health, physical, mental, social and spiritual, have all worked together with each other and have constructed Hayley Lewis’ current health status in a very positive way. Because she started losing weight she noticed that all her emotional, social and spiritual aspects of health have benefited her overall health. This is because all these dimensions are interdependent upon each other and construct the overall health status of an individual. b) Evaluate how the relative and dynamic nature of health has impacted upon the health status of the individual. Due to her own personal experiences Hayley Lewis would now rate her health as being optimal. She has battled with her weight for 20 years and has finally overcome that. As well as being at her goal weight by eating healthy, exercising and creating meal plans for herself she has to take into account how the relative and dynamic nature of health has impacted upon her own personal health status. Relative and dynamic nature of health refers to how health can vary from time to time and fluctuate all over the place. Illnesses, accidents, personal experiences, environmental factors or an individuals’ socioeconomic status can have an impact on an individual’s level of health at any point during their lives. These continual changes in a person’s health mean that health is dynamic. Judging where a person is along the health continuum at any point of time is highly subjective as people all over the world have different perceptions about what is optimal or â€Å"normal† health. By overcoming her 20 year weight battle, Hayley Lewis now has a better knowledge of what good health is. She perceives herself in a more positive way and the result of this is that the public and people all around her are perceiving her in a more positive way also. By believing in yourself can affect how others see you and believe that you have potential whereas if you don’t believe in yourself then others will think the same. This is one of the reasons that Hayley Lewis’ confidence has risen over time because now that her self-esteem has risen she realised that people were starting to perceive her, and her health, in different and a more positive way. By being the host of the biggest loser and becoming friends with the contestants has affected Hayley Lewis’ health status. She is now socioeconomically advantaged as she has a permanent job with a high income. This will impact her health status because it can affect her choices such as buying more, but nutritious food, and she now has more money to spend on fitness and recreational resources such as gyms and swimming pools. This can impact Hayley’s health physically, mentally, socially and spiritually as she now feels a sense of control and value over her life.

Gender Stereotypes essays

Gender Stereotypes essays Today, every one of us is spending more of his leisure time watching TV, listening to the radio or reading newspapers and magazines. The shows on the TV and the articles in the newspapers influence our decision process, shaping our perceptions for the world. Besides the positive fact that we are better informed and in touch with the latest news, we should be aware that accepting this enormous flow of information and allowing it to make our mind can be dangerous. The TVs infiltrate our lives, guiding us what are we supposed to wear, how are we supposed to look and act. Children, because of lack of mature judging values, are more susceptible to the influence of the television. They tend to accept everything they see on TV as real. Kids often identify with movie characters and comics figures much more than the elder generation does. It is the role of the parents to teach them that not everythink that glitters is gold and to give them a better perception of the world. That of course does not mean that parents are affected less by the TV. On the contrary, they are often more affected than their kids, of course not by cartoons, but by shows that contain information about serious subjects such as parenthood. Concerned with being good parents, people are accumulating a lot of information on the subject. As the information can be very helpful, sometimes it can be destructive. That is the case when it comes to the problem of "tomboys" and "sissies." What are these two terms used for? The term "tomboy" is used when referring to a girl who is masculine, and the term "sissy" is used when referring to a boy who is feminine. We need to state what we consider feminine and what is masculine. According to the established sense in the society, femininity and masculinity are tightly bound to gender. Men are supposed to be masculine. They are expected to be strong, rough, to have high stamina. They are...

Objetos prohibidos en equipaje de mano en aviones USA

Objetos prohibidos en equipaje de mano en aviones USA En Estados Unidos, la Administracià ³n de Seguridad en el Transporte (TSA, por sus siglas en inglà ©s) es la agencia encargada de examinar en los aeropuertos a pasajeros y sus equipajes y sus oficiales los que tienen la à ºltima palabra sobre quà © se permite embarcar en el equipaje de mano. Las normas cambian frecuentemente, teniendo en cuenta esa advertencia, decir que en este artà ­culo se informa sobre cules son las reglas en el momento de escribir este artà ­culo y que aplican a los vuelos domà ©sticos dentro de Estados Unidos y sus territorios, como Puerto Rico. Casi siempre son las mismas que aplican en los vuelos que despegan desde los aeropuertos en EE.UU y en los que se dirigen desde otro paà ­s hacia dichos aeropuertos. Sin embargo, hay excepciones como el caso de ganchillos y agujas de calcetar, conocidas en algunos paà ­ses como agujas de punto. Para mayor claridad, se ha estructurado la informacià ³n segà ºn el tipo de objetos. Cuidado personal en forma de là ­quidos, aerosoles y geles Se puede subir al avià ³n là ­quidos, aerosoles y geles en botellas con una cantidad inferior a 3.4 onzas (100ml). Se aconseja que todos estos artà ­culos se coloquen en una bolsa de plstico transparente de tamaà ±o de un cuarto que cierre con cremallera.   Tener en cuenta que solamente se permite una bolsa por pasajero, lo cual es una forma de limitar el total de là ­quido abordo y evitar que los pasajeros lleven cantidades mayores a las permitas repartidas en varias botellas. Es recomendable que al llegar al control de rayos-x colocar la bolsa transparente que contiene esos artà ­culos en una bandeja, para facilitar asà ­ la labor de los oficiales de la TSA. Si se desea llevar ms cantidad porque se hace un viaje largo, colocar el là ­quido, gel o aerosol en las maletas que viajan como cargo. Por à ºltimo, tener en consideracià ³n que los aerosoles sà ³lo se permiten en cantidades muy limitadas  y cuando son para uso de cuidado personal. En todos los dems casos se consideran como un peligro y ni pueden embarcarse ni guardarse en las maletas de cargo. Artà ­culos electrà ³nicos Estas son las reglas: En primer lugar, si se lleva un artà ­culo electrà ³nico, asegurarse de retirar de su interior CDs, cassettes o DVDs, antes de pasar el control de seguridad En segundo lugar, las computadoras personales (conocidas tambià ©n por su nombre en inglà ©s de laptop), las consolas de videojuegos y los aparatos de reproduccià ³n de DVD deben sacarse de sus cajas o bolsas para pasar por el control de rayos-x. Aunque se trate de artà ­culos permitidos, los oficiales de la TSA pueden impedir que se suba al avià ³n si  parece que han sido alterados o que pueden ser un peligro. Armas y municià ³n En los vuelos internos est prohibido subirlas al avià ³n. Si se tiene la debida licencia se puede transportar en las maletas que viajan en cargo. Comidas para bebà ©s Se permite en cantidades razonables.  Declarar estos artà ­culos al llegar al control de rayos-x. Comidas y bebidas para adultos No pueden superar los 3.4 onzas (100 ml). La excepcià ³n son las bebidas alcohà ³licas, ya que se permite un mximo de 3 onzas, si bien si se compraron despuà ©s de pasar el control de seguridad se permite que se suban al avià ³n. Asimismo, se pueden llevar tortas (cakes/pies), pero sern sujetos a la debida inspeccià ³n. En los viajes desde otro paà ­s hacia los Estados Unidos deben seguirse reglas estrictas con respecto a los alimentos, tanto en equipaje de mano como el de cargo. Instrumentos musicales La TSA permite 1 instrumento por persona. Pero verificar con la aerolà ­nea. En los vuelos internacionales, habà ­a que dar especial atencià ³n al material, ya que si tiene marfil en alguno de sus componentes podrà ­a haber serios problemas. Sin embargo, recientemente se llegà ³ a la conclusià ³n de que el marfil en instrumentos no contribuà ­a a la matanza de elefantes para sacarles el marfil. Por lo tanto, si la cantidad de marfil es pequeà ±a, no hay problemas. Aunque no hay una cantidad predeterminada, se considera que menos de 200 gr de marfil en un instrumento no darà ­a lugar a problemas. Medicamentos y objetos necesarios en caso de necesidades especiales Los medicamentos deben estar en su envase original en el que se muestre su nombre en una etiqueta profesional y el nombre de la farmacà ©utica.   Adems, si se trata de medicamentos sujetos a prescripcià ³n mà ©dica, como por ejemplo los antibià ³ticos, hay que llevar la receta. Este punto es importante porque se trata de sustancias controladas y su posesià ³n sin receta puede dar lugar a graves problemas. Si la medicina est en forma là ­quida se puede superar los 100 ml (3.4 onzas) siempre que sea una cantidad razonable que deba utilizarse durante el vuelo. Notificar al oficial de la TSA al llegar al punto de control que se lleva ese là ­quido. En cuanto a objetos como muletas o sillas de ruedas, pasarn por un control. Cerillas y encendedores   Se puede subir un encendedor cargado al avià ³n y tambià ©n una caja de cerillas, excepto si à ©stas son las que se pueden encender en contacto con cualquier tipo de superficie. Como curiosidad decir que, por el contrario, no se puede guardar en las valijas del equipaje que no suben a bordo ningà ºn tipo de cerillas y que casi todos los encendedores estn prohibidos asà ­ como las recargas.   Objetos agudos como tijeras, agujas o ganchillos Est prohibido subirlos al avià ³n, excepto  tijeras con cuchillas de tamaà ±o inferior a 4 pulgadas. En cuanto a las agujas de calcetar o ganchillos, estn permitidos en vuelos domà ©sticos dentro de Estados Unidos, pero se aconseja que sean de madera o plstico. En los vuelos internacionales hacia Estados Unidos deben viajar facturados en cargo. Herramientas Se pueden llevar desatornilladores, llaves y alicates, pero debidamente cubiertos para evitar accidentes y siempre que medidos a lo largo no excedan de las 7 pulgadas. Regalos envueltos en papel   No estn prohibidos, pero el oficial de la TSA puede retirar el papel si considera que procede inspeccionar con mayor detenimiento. Otros artà ­culos permitidos a bordo caà ±as de pescarAgujas de calcetar o de coserpelotas de fà ºtbol (soccer), baloncesto, bà ©isbol, etc. Artà ­culos prohibidos Bates de bà ©isbol, palos de hockey, palos de billar o de golf Mascotas Preguntar a la là ­nea aà ©rea pero generalmente pueden volar en cabina mascotas de poco tamaà ±o y peso. Lo que sà ­ hay que respetar son las reglas que regulan su ingreso a los Estados Unidos en el caso de vuelos internacionales. A tener en cuenta Si se viaja con joyas o una cantidad de dinero importante se puede solicitar al oficial de la TSA una inspeccià ³n privada, respetando los là ­mites en vuelos internacionales. Si se viaja con una animal de compaà ±Ãƒ ­a porque se sufre una incapacidad, por ejemplo, se es ciego y se lleva perro guà ­a, entonces hay que probar la identidad del animal y debe de llevar arnà ©s.   En caso de duda, verificar siempre con la pgina oficial de Transportation Security Administration o llamar gratis al 1-866-289-9673 o escribir un correo electrà ³nico a ContactCenterdhs.gov Por à ºltimo, asegurarse de tener documentacià ³n que permite embarcar, incluso en los vuelos domà ©sticos. Puntos clave Puede llevarse en equipaje de mano en avià ³n là ­quidos y geles en cantidad inferior a 100 ml.Los artà ­culos electrà ³nicos deben sacarse de sus cajasLos medicamentos se suben a cabina en envase original y con prescripcià ³n mà ©dica (si aplica)Los oficiales de la TSA pueden exigir quitar el papel de regalo de un objeto. Este es un artà ­culo informativo. No es asesorà ­a legal

com172 WK 5 Final draft Essay

com172 WK 5 Final draft Essay com172 WK 5 Final draft Essay Animals in Service Kelly Hughes Com 172 January 12, 2015 John Cantlon Animals in Service Humans and dogs have been co-existing for over 8,000 years, and they continue to follow man throughout history. The fact that they can be such a positive value to humans, psychologically, physiologically, and socially. Many Americans that suffer from seizers, depression, anxiety, Autism, and other psychological disorders have found service dogs to be a resourceful tool. However the dogs must pass a rigorous training program before they can be placed with their new handler. In conjunction with that dogs are now being rescued from shelters, and are trained by prison inmates involved this new program. After completing the program they will be placed with war veterans, and children with Autism. Animals have positive effects on humans mentally and physically by just simply having them in their lives. History of the Human/Animal Bond Throughout history dogs and humans have been together. They have been co-existing for over 8,000 years. In fact no one is even sure what originally even attracted them to one another. Regardless, they have found a few ways to make use of this relationship. The Native Americans benefited from wolves in a few different ways, protection from intruders, and help with hunting. Some early American settlers even used dogs to track and hunt buffalo. As well as using them to transport the buffalo meat from camp to camp. Researchers have said there is evidence dogs appeared during the artic period, and the human migrations to America from Asia. This strange connection humans have to these once wild animals continues to offer a multitude of advantages. Health Benefits Social inhibitions can be a difficult problem for some people. Studies show being in the company of a pet allows the owner to seen more approachable by friendly strangers. This allows the pet owner to benefit from social interactions. When someone is shy, awkward, and constantly feeling rejection from society, positive encounters begin to break down the walls of communication. That is when they start to establish healthy relationships with other people. Being united with a companion animal will give the handler an opportunity to be noticed by another person wanting to engage in conversation. Loneness is another difficult and painful problem. This causes such unpleasant side effects that solitary confinement is often given as a punishment in our society. After a review of several medical books in regards to the association between heart attacks and loneness, and reveals some astonishing information. Case in point people socially deprived are between two and four times more li kely to succumb to a heart attack verses people who socialize regularly. More than that a comparison of single people, as opposed to married couples, in which being single raises the chance of serious health factors. In correlation with those findings, loneness has been linked to deadly strokes, and recovery from a major illness is unlikely. On top of that people deprived from social situations can be linked to car accidents and other incidents. So if feeling lonely is the common denominator, and there is relief available without medical treatment, would that be a viable option? Many would agree and give all ones got to make a comeback. Service animals can understand their handlers’ needs, and produce results that are beneficial to one’s recovery. The Dogs’ Program Professionals have agreed there is a mysterious connection between dogs and humans, and yet it is still unfounded. Researchers have hypothesized different theories, but it continues to be a mystery. In conjunction with dogs natural devotion to humans, and their undying loyalty causes them to become a valuable tool for someone with a disability. Once a vigorous training program is passed, the animal can be placed with the new

Atypical Pneumonia essays

Atypical Pneumonia essays Atypical pneumonia, also known as walking pneumonia, is a common cause of community-acquired pneumonia. Mycoplasm pneumomiae is the responsible organism which results in pneumonia in only 3% of cases; 20% of infections are asymptomatic, while 77% involve the upper respiratory tract. Although atypical pneumonia can occur at any time of the year, outbreaks tend to occur in the fall. The incubation period averages 3 weeks, in contrast to that of influenza and other viral pneumonias, which generally are a few days. Epidemics of mycoplasmal pneumonia tend to occur every 4-8 years in the general population and tend to be more frequent within closed populations, such as in military and prison populations. Mycoplasmal pneumonia is a disease of insidious onset. The patients history may include fever and chills, malaise, worsening dry cough, headache, scratchy sore throat, sore chest and tracheal tenderness and pleuritic chest pain, which is usually rare. Most cases of pneumonia due to M pneumoniae resolve after several weeks, although a dry cough can be present for as long as a month; some patients can have a protracted illness lasting as long as 6 weeks. The physical exam will reveal a nontoxic general appearance, erythematous tympanic membranes or bullous myringitis, mild pharyngeal erythema with minimal or no cervical adenopathy and no exudates. Usually there is a normal chest and lung exam with early infection but rhonchi, rales, and/or wheezes are heard via auscultation several days later. Generally lab studies are not needed but can be obtained. Complete blood counts tend to be within normal limits or slightly elevated. Sedimentation rate can be elevated with prolong infections. Chest radiographs should be obtained for definitive diagnosis, however at times there are no findings on x-ray and the clinician should treat presumptively. Macrolide antibiotics such as Erythromycin or Azithromycin are the drug treatment of choice due ...

A Short History of the Rwandan Genocide

A Short History of the Rwandan Genocide On April 6, 1994, Hutus began slaughtering the Tutsis in the African country of Rwanda. As the brutal killings continued, the world stood idly by and just watched the slaughter. Lasting 100 days, the Rwandan Genocide left approximately 800,000 Tutsis and Hutu sympathizers dead. Who Are the Hutu and Tutsi? The Hutu and Tutsi are two peoples who share a common past. When Rwanda was first settled, the people who lived there raised cattle. Soon, the people who owned the most cattle were called Tutsi, and everyone else was called Hutu. At this time, a person could easily change categories through marriage or cattle acquisition. It wasnt until Europeans came to colonize the area that the terms Tutsi and Hutu took on a racial role. The Germans were the first to colonize Rwanda in 1894. They looked at the Rwandan people and thought the Tutsi had more European characteristics, such as lighter skin and a taller build. Thus they put Tutsis in roles of responsibility. When the Germans lost their colonies following World War I, the Belgians took control of Rwanda. In 1933, the Belgians solidified the categories of Tutsi and Hutu by mandating that every person was to have an identity card that labeled them either Tutsi, Hutu, or Twa. (The Twa are a very small group of hunter-gatherers who also live in Rwanda.) Although the Tutsi constituted only about ten percent of Rwandas population and the Hutu nearly 90 percent, the Belgians gave the Tutsi all the leadership positions. This upset the Hutu. When Rwanda struggled for independence from Belgium, the Belgians switched the status of the two groups. Facing a revolution instigated by the Hutu, the Belgians let the Hutus, who constituted the majority of Rwandas population, be in charge of the new government. This upset the Tutsi, and the animosity between the two groups continued for decades. The Event That Sparked the Genocide At 8:30 p.m. on April 6, 1994, President Juvà ©nal Habyarimana of Rwanda was returning from a summit in Tanzania when a surface-to-air missile shot his plane out of the sky over Rwandas capital city of Kigali. All on board were killed in the crash. Since 1973, President Habyarimana, a Hutu, had run a totalitarian regime in Rwanda, which had excluded all Tutsis from participating. That changed on August 3, 1993, when Habyarimana signed the Arusha Accords, which weakened the Hutu hold on Rwanda and allowed Tutsis to participate in the government, which greatly upset Hutu extremists. Although it has never been determined who was truly responsible for the assassination, Hutu extremists profited the most from Habyarimanas death. Within 24 hours after the crash, Hutu extremists had taken over the government, blamed the Tutsis for the assassination, and begun the slaughter. 100 Days of Slaughter The killings began in Rwandas capital city of Kigali. The Interahamwe (those who strike as one), an anti-Tutsi youth organization established by Hutu extremists, set up roadblocks. They checked identification cards and killed all who were Tutsi. Most of the killing was done with machetes, clubs, or knives. Over the next few days and weeks, roadblocks were set up around Rwanda. On April 7, Hutu extremists began purging the government of their political opponents, which meant both Tutsis and Hutu moderates were killed. This included the prime minister. When ten Belgian U.N. peacekeepers tried to protect the prime minister, they too were killed. This caused Belgium to start withdrawing its troops from Rwanda. Over the next several days and weeks, the violence spread. Since the government had the names and addresses of nearly all Tutsis living in Rwanda (remember, each Rwandan had an identity card that labeled them Tutsi, Hutu, or Twa), the killers could go door to door, slaughtering the Tutsis. Men, women, and children were murdered. Since bullets were expensive, most Tutsis were killed by hand weapons, often machetes or clubs. Many were often tortured before being killed. Some of the victims were given the option of paying for a bullet so that theyd have a quicker death. Also during the violence, thousands of Tutsi women were raped. Some were raped and then killed, others were kept as sex slaves for weeks. Some Tutsi women and girls were also tortured before being killed, such as having their breasts cut off or had sharp objects shoved up their vagina. Slaughter Inside Churches, Hospitals, and Schools Thousands of Tutsis tried to escape the slaughter by hiding in churches, hospitals, schools, and government offices. These places, which historically have been places of refuge, were turned into places of mass murder during the Rwandan Genocide. One of the worst massacres of the Rwandan Genocide took place on April 15 to 16, 1994 at the Nyarubuye Roman Catholic Church, located about 60 miles east of Kigali. Here, the mayor of the town, a Hutu, encouraged Tutsis to seek sanctuary inside the church by assuring them they would be safe there. Then the mayor betrayed them to the Hutu extremists. The killing began with grenades and guns but soon changed to machetes and clubs. Killing by hand was tiresome, so the killers took shifts. It took two days to kill the thousands of Tutsi who were inside. Similar massacres took place around Rwanda, with many of the worst ones occurring between April 11 and the beginning of May. Mistreatment of the Corpses To further degrade the Tutsi, Hutu extremists would not allow the Tutsi dead to be buried. Their bodies were left where they were slaughtered, exposed to the elements, eaten by rats and dogs. Many Tutsi bodies were thrown into rivers, lakes, and streams in order to send the Tutsis back to Ethiopia- a reference to the myth that the Tutsi were foreigners and originally came from Ethiopia. Media Played a Huge Role in the Genocide For years, the Kangura newspaper, controlled by Hutu extremists, had been spouting hate. As early as December 1990, the paper published The Ten Commandments for the Hutu. The commandments declared that any Hutu who married a Tutsi was a traitor. Also, any Hutu who did business with a Tutsi was a traitor. The commandments also insisted that all strategic positions and the entire military must be Hutu. To isolate the Tutsis even further, the commandments also told the Hutu to stand by other Hutu and to stop pitying the Tutsi. When RTLM (Radio Tà ©là ©vison des Milles Collines) began broadcasting on July 8, 1993, it also spread hate. However, this time it was packaged to appeal to the masses by offering popular music and broadcasts conducted in a very informal, conversational tone. Once the killings started, RTLM went beyond just espousing hate; they took an active role in the slaughter. The RTLM called for the Tutsi to cut down the tall trees, a code phrase which meant for the Hutu to start killing the Tutsi. During broadcasts, RTLM often used the term inyenzi (cockroach) when referring to Tutsis and then told Hutu to crush the cockroaches. Many RTLM broadcasts announced names of specific individuals who should be killed; RTLM even included information about where to find them, such as home and work addresses or known hangouts. Once these individuals had been killed, RTLM then announced their murders over the radio. The RTLM was used to incite the average Hutu to kill. However, if a Hutu refused to participate in the slaughter, then members of the Interahamwe would give them a choice- either kill or be killed. The World Stood By and Just Watched Following World War II and the Holocaust, the United Nations adopted a resolution on December 9, 1948, which stated that The Contracting Parties confirm that genocide, whether committed in time of peace or in time of war, is a crime under international law which they undertake to prevent and to punish. The massacres in Rwanda constituted genocide, so why didnt the world step in to stop it? There has been a lot of research on this exact question. Some people have said that since Hutu moderates were killed in the early stages, then some countries believed the conflict to be more of a civil war rather than a genocide. Other research has shown that the world powers realized it was a genocide but that they didnt want to pay for the needed supplies and personnel to stop it. No matter what the reason, the world should have stepped in and stopped the slaughter. The Rwanda Genocide Ends The Rwanda Genocide ended only when the RPF took over the country. The RPF (Rwandan Patriotic Front) was a trained military group consisting of Tutsis who had been exiled in earlier years, many of whom lived in Uganda. The RPF was able to enter Rwanda and slowly take over the country. In mid-July 1994, when the RPF had full control, the genocide was finally stopped. Sources Semujanga, Josias. The Ten Commandments of the Hutu. Origins of the Rwandan Genocide, Humanity Books, 2003, pp. 196-197.

Word Choice Program vs. Programme - Get Proofed!

Word Choice Program vs. Programme - Get Proofed! Word Choice: Program vs. Programme The Atlantic Ocean is quite big. And with such a large amount of water between the US and the UK, we shouldn’t be surprised that there are differences between us. One of those differences, it seems, is that British people like to make spelling more complicated than it should be. There are lots of examples of this, but the one we’re looking at here is â€Å"program† and â€Å"programme.† Despite the extra â€Å"-me† at the end of the British version, these words essentially mean the same thing. But, at the same time, the British use â€Å"program† and â€Å"programme† in different ways. Defining â€Å"Program† In American English, we use â€Å"program† for all senses of the word. As a noun, this includes: A series or group of activities (e.g., a training program) A broadcast (e.g., a television program) Software (e.g., a computer program) A pamphlet outlining an event or series of events (e.g., a theater program) It can also be used as a verb, where it usually refers to programming a computer. We sometimes talk about â€Å"programming† a series of events, but this is less common. The British Way The extra letters in â€Å"programme† come from French. Weirdly, this is a newer spelling than â€Å"program† (unlike other words where the American English is a simplified version of the British spelling). It seems the British just decided the French spelling looked better during the nineteenth century. Even weirder is that British English uses â€Å"program,† but only in relation to computing. As such, in England, you can install a â€Å"computer program† on your laptop, but you watch a â€Å"TV programme.† So if streaming a TV show on your computer, you can watch a programme via a program in Britain. There are signs â€Å"program† is catching on in other contexts lately, but â€Å"programme† is still the standard version. In summary: British people are weird, especially when it comes to spelling. Program or Programme? Unless you’re writing for a British audience, you should use â€Å"program.† Even places like Australia and Canada, which do use British spellings in some cases, favor â€Å"program† for this word. The only other exception seems to be New Zealand, where â€Å"programme† is still common. But unless Britain and New Zealand conquer the world soon, we don’t see this spelling catching on elsewhere! It must be something about living on tiny islands.

Presidential Paper Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Presidential - Research Paper Example He was instilled with a sense of charity and the importance of giving to others (Morris, 1979). Throughout his childhood, he struggled with many illnesses that he had to overcome (Miller, 1994). That spirit of conquering whatever he was faced with would stick with him throughout his life, making him an exceptional leader and a person of great accomplishment. Theodore Roosevelt would have been known for his many accomplishments, even if he hadn’t become President. In terms of government office, Mr. Roosevelt held many public offices prior to being elected President. He was an assemblyman for the state of New York and governor of New York as well. He was also the Police Commissioner of New York City, a U.S. Civil Service Commissioner, a sheriff in the Dakota Territory, Assistant Secretary of the Navy and Colonel of the Rough Riders and Vice President of the United States (Roosevelt, 2012). This was all accomplished before he became President when he was 42. During his career, he also ran for Mayor of New York, but was not elected. Teddy Roosevelt was the nation’s first environmental President. Those before him did not have any type of effort towards the environment. President Roosevelt protected 230 million acres of land while he was in office (Roosevelt, 2012). This 230 million acres included 150 National Forests, 51 bird reservations, 5 National Parks, 18 National Monuments and four game preserves (Roosevelt, 2012). The fact that in the early 1900’s he thought to preserve land is impressive considering that those dedicated lands still exist today. He also made land preservation and conservation a topic for consideration which had not previously been of interest to the people and to the government. Now, in 2012, political campaigns always include opinions about the environment and conservation. It is

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Occupational safety and health - Essay Example The states by this act are bound to ensure the workers safety, the best practices adoption, flexible situations for workers, healthy atmosphere and all other aspects which must be taken care of. Over twenty states are O.S.H.A state plan certified while the rest are either partially indulged or in the process of acquiring the OSHA recognized states (Osha, 2010). Processes undertaken by respective states must be properly mechanized and should have the backup plan along with safety of workers. The processes should indulge activities which require no or minimum direct contact of workers with heavy machinery and all other kinds of material that is hazardous for human life and safety. Processes conformity according to the desired standards is achievable only if the states in first step ensures that in a certain span of time, it would have all the necessary facilities and prerequisites fulfilled that are being prescribed by

Nursing Homes and Assisted Livings for Elderly Research Paper

Nursing Homes and Assisted Livings for Elderly - Research Paper Example Long-term care facilities are group-housing environments that provide services for those who lack some capacity for self-care. There are many different LTC facility types (e.g., assisted living, residential care, adult foster care, nursing homes), established and operated according to federal, state, and local regulations and licensing requirements (Dobbs, 2004). The dominant feature of all LTC facility types is arguably the level of care provided. The facility license stipulates the level of care allowed and the training and experience requirements for staff. Unfortunately, care levels are not classified according to the same system for each type of facility making it difficult to directly compare facility types. For example, nursing homes are licensed to provide skilled and/or intermediate care, terms established in federal regulations (Dobbs, 2004). Skilled care is a level of care that requires services that can only be performed safely by a licensed nurse whereas intermediate care is health-related care and services that do not necessarily require licensed practitioners. In contrast, assisted living, residential care, and adult foster care are licensed under state regulations based on the activities of daily living requirements (ADLs) of individuals. The ADLs measure individuals' physical, cognitive, and behavioral functioning. A common A DL measure is whether the individual is "independent," "dependent," or "needs assistance" with bathing, dressing, toileting, transferring, continence, and eating. Arguably, the most important factor to influence both the older individuals' relocation to a LTC facility and the type of LTC facility chosen is the level of care needed, that is, the individuals' physical and functional limitations and degree of cognitive impairment. Other factors include financial status, availability of supportive family and friends, and regional case management practices. The four facility types are described below. Assisted Living Facilities Assisted living facilities (ALFs) are one of the newest living arrangements for elders, designed around a social rather than a medical model of care. In many ways, the function of assisted living is fairly clear: it is a congregate housing alternative for seniors who are unable to live independently, but who do not require the intensive skilled nursing services av ailable in nursing homes. As the

Coaching and Mentoring Skills - Part II Assignment

Coaching and Mentoring Skills - Part II - Assignment Example However, if coaching will be organized in exactly the same way all the time, chances that the coaching programs will yield desired success are less. From every indication, the use of training and upgrading of personal skills is highly relevant in ensuring that there is success of a performance management program (Aguinis, 2013). But even as I make this point and endorse the position you took in your post, I would like to post a probing question about the overall organization’s upgrading. The reason for asking this question is that even though personal upgrading is very necessary to ensure that the performance management program functions well, it is also relevant that the organization as a whole or as a body will put structures in place to upgrade itself. This is a very important requirement for growth because as employees receive training and upgrade themselves personally, there must be structures in place within the larger organization to consume them. Based on my personal experience, I have come to learn that a refusal to grow the organization in terms of infrastructure and working conditions will lead to a situation w here the employees will find it difficult to fit into them and therefore beginning looking to other

Two choose one. will upload later Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Two choose one. will upload later - Essay Example Internationalization, as a key current business trend is vital is promoting political reforms based on diverse perspectives. Further internationalization of business has environmental and political impacts. This paper provides a succinct discussion of the economic, political, social, and environmental implications of internationalization of business. Internationalization may be in diverse forms. A business can opt for foreign or direct investments in a foreign country and set up its subsidiaries from which it operations. A business may opt to form partnerships or business arrangements with interest business in a foreign country. It may involve allocation of subcontracts to foreign businesses or experts. It may also involve a business entity’s participation in foreign networks. Internationalization of business has accelerated economic progress in less-industrialized countries compared to any other development factor according to Penrose (1956). An example is the case of General Motors (GM). The firm started in Australia in 1926 and operated in the country until 1954. After 1954, the firm had plans to expand to other markets. In essence, GM’s operations in foreign markets outside Australia promoted industrial development, both in Australian and foreign destination markets. Growth of foreign investments through internationalization of firms contributes to economic progress. Hymer, Cohen and Dennis, 1979,  address the internationalization of capital by multinational corporations. Multinational corporations may engage in three key aspects. First, the can engage in capital movements across different countries. Second, multinational corporations can engage in capitalist production. The third aspect is engagement in international governments. All the three are vital to promoting economic progress by multinational corporations through internationalization of capital (Williamson, 1981). Improvement in

Evolution of the Cellphone and How it Changed our Lives Essay

Evolution of the Cellphone and How it Changed our Lives - Essay Example Then came Motorolla MicroTAC 9800X which was considered small during its time because it can fit into a shirt pocket. It featured an 8-character dot-matrix red LED display with an innovative new flip design. In 1993, Motorola introduced that Bag Phone 1992 which was power intensive compared to cellphone today because it runs on a 3 watts of power while today’s cellphone only requires .06 watt or less. During the same year however, competetion in the celphone industry begun. For the first time, Nokia introduced its model 1011, the first mass produced GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) phone. A year later, another competitor went in the cellphone industry with IBM Simon, IBM’s first smart phone. From then on, cellphones slowly added other features such as the addition of customized ringtones in the Mova N103 Hyper (1996). Siemens went into the market and put color on the LCD screen (1997). In 1998, Nokia introduced its first phone that removed the external ante nnae with its model 8810. In 1999, several features on the cellphone was added by different manufacturing companies. Nokia 7110 introduced the first mobile phone with a WAP browser that can surf the internet and do the functionality of an email. The popularity of MP3 on cellphones was also first introduced with Samsung SPH-M100 Uproar. Benefon Esc also pioneered the idea of integrating GPS into a cellphone. Sharp also introduced the first multicolor display screen with its J-SH04 model which had a mere 0.1 megapixel resolution. A year later, the Bluetooth capabilities in cellphone was introduced with Ericsson T39 (White). The introduction of Lithium Ion Batteries was... The researcher states that moblile phones or cellphones has certainly gone a long way. From an enormous, 80 pound, car mounted communication apparatus, it is now miniaturized to a small terminal in our backpockets. Its size may have been reduced but certainly not its battery life and functionality. The former two pounds weight and 60 minutes batterly life is now reduced to four ounces and can now extend to more than a week of battery life. What used to be a â€Å"brick† is now a full-fledged computer, with a video camera, audio/video playback and high-speed internet. Its functionality is so diverse that it can cater to various needs and preference of its users that extends beyond its use as a handheld mobile communication device that it is now called a personal trusted device. The celphone device in itself is no longer just a phone. It has evolved into an all purpose device that can virtually function like a computer. The introduction of apps or applications made its functiona lity almost limitless that it can enable users to do functions such as online banking, trade stocks and play games, just to name a few. The ways that cell phones have changed the world and our lives are just too many to fit in this paper. Suffice to say, that it has enriched human connection through mobile communication where access is almost universal because of its lowered cost. Its increased functionality also enriched our lives because it enabled us to do things easier. It may be a distraction at times, but it has definitely made this world a lot better.

The Rotana Hotels Management Corporation Research Paper

The Rotana Hotels Management Corporation - Research Paper Example Recommendations based on the Operations Management are given at the end of the report. The Rotana Hotels Management Corporation known as the Rotana Hotels’ basic philosophy is that ‘hospitality is a fine art. There is no way it can be learned; it has to be a way of life.’ Even though it is very simple, yet it clearly illustrates the fact that the aspect of hospitality is a part of every level of the organization and is the basic foundation to its standards. The Rotana Hotels Management Corporation known as the Rotana Hotels, one of the leading hotel management companies in the Middle East, was established in 1992, by a partnership between Nasser Al Nowais and Selim El Zyr, who were joined three years later by Nael Hashweh and Imad Elias. The Rotana Hotels Management Corporation started its operation as Rotana hotel in 1993 in Abu Dhabi. â€Å"Our vision is to be the Leading and Preferred Hospitality Management Company within the Middle East, operating Hotels, Suites, and Resorts. We have the expertise, the passion and the competitive strength to achieve this goal†. â€Å"We will identify and exceed the expectations of our Guests, Staff, and Owners through innovative and creative solutions, combined with personalized care to gain their loyalty. We will constantly maintain International quality standards complemented with traditional Arabic Hospitality†. The forecasting for hiring new staff at Rotana Hotels mainly depends on the increase in the number of branches or new extensions. This indicates that if Rotana Hotels is extending its existing operations then they would work on recruiting or promoting previous staff for the new positions available. Forecasting demand: According to the requirements of the operations and making use  of the trend analysis based on previous information regarding the experienced occupancy, Rotana Hotels is able to forecast the forthcoming needs of employment in every aspect by using both bottoms-up forecasting and to down forecasting.